🤖 PEREZHIVANIE AI
Perezhivanie AI: Welcome! I'm here to discuss Vygotskian concepts, development theory, and the intersection of culture and cognition. How can I help you explore these ideas?
ALKU
Senior Advisor // Miltton & Nordic West Office

THE ENVIRONMENT AS SOURCE

"The environment's role in the development of higher, specifically human characteristics and forms of activity is as a source of development" — L.S. Vygotsky, 1934

Just as Second Reality demonstrated how raw technical constraints could birth unprecedented creative expression, Vygotsky showed us how the social environment acts not as a mere background, but as the active source of human development.

The demoscene emerged from limitations—64kb, 640x480, tracker music. Yet within these constraints, ideal forms crystallized: tunnels, plasma effects, synchronized audiovisuals. Similarly, we develop not despite our environment, but through its affordances and constraints.

PEREZHIVANIE // LIVED EXPERIENCE

"The emotional experience [perezhivanie] arising from any situation determines what kind of influence this situation will have on the child."

Perezhivanie — Neither pure emotion nor pure cognition, but the unity of person and situation. The same demo watched by different viewers produces different experiences: one sees technical mastery, another feels nostalgic wonder, a third perceives mathematical beauty.

TECHNICAL
Assembly optimization, VGA mode-x, palette rotation
AESTHETIC
Synchronized motion, color harmony, rhythmic flow
CULTURAL
Scene identity, digital underground, creative rebellion

The same environment—the same code, the same pixels—refracts through different prisms of experience. This is perezhivanie: the unit of analysis that captures both situation and person in their unity.

IDEAL FORMS // RUDIMENTARY FORMS

"The interaction between the ideal form which exists in the environment and the rudimentary form which a child possesses"

What makes Second Reality legendary isn't just its technical achievement—it's how it crystallized an ideal form that influenced countless coders, artists, and designers who followed. The rudimentary forms in newcomers (basic programming knowledge, aesthetic sensibility) interacted with this ideal form to produce new generations of creators.

RUDIMENTARY
Raw potential
Basic capabilities
Emerging skills
⟷
IDEAL
Cultural achievement
Perfected form
Historical crystallization

This is the mechanism of cultural transmission: not copying, but interaction. The ideal form doesn't replace the rudimentary—it guides its transformation. The learner doesn't become the master; they become themselves through engagement with mastery.

ABOUT // CONTACT

Alku Sirén

Senior Advisor

Miltton & Nordic West Office

Alku Sirén is a senior advisor at Miltton, where he has worked since 2014, and at Nordic West Office since 2023. His work focuses on AI, strategic foresight and how people and institutions learn, exercise judgment and develop agency alongside increasingly agentic tools.

He holds a Bachelor of Arts in Education (kasvatustieteen kandidaatti, 2026) from the University of Helsinki and serves on the Faculty Council of its Faculty of Educational Sciences. Earlier he was Managing Director of Miltton Creative and co-founded Restaurant Day (Ravintolapäivä), which received the Finland Prize in 2011.

Selected work

Recognition

Much of my current thinking is about AI alignment, the work of getting increasingly capable systems to act on human goals and norms in situations nobody planned for. I approach it as a question of education. Alignment research keeps running into problems that teachers know well. A system can learn to please its evaluator, behave well only when it knows it is being tested, or fail to carry a principle into a new situation. In education the same problems are called assessment validity, teaching to the test and transfer of learning. The influence also runs the other way. Working with these systems changes how people learn, what counts as expertise and what they think is possible. I draw on John Dewey's pragmatism, cultural-historical activity theory, research on expertise and Bruno Latour's argument that responsibility for a technology continues after it is deployed.

I am also interested in how expertise grows. An expert learns to notice finer differences, to build situations that test their own assumptions and to let the results correct them. Experience can also harden into a frame that only confirms itself. Part of expertise is arranging encounters in which the world can ask you a question you did not yet know to ask.

Colophon: This site pays homage to Future Crew's Second Reality (1993) and L.S. Vygotsky's lecture "The Problem of the Environment" (1934). Built with HTML5 Canvas, CSS animations, and vanilla JavaScript. The tunnel effect, plasma background, and CRT aesthetics reference demoscene techniques while the conceptual framework draws from cultural-historical psychology.

"Without social interaction, we can never develop any of the attributes and characteristics which have developed as a result of the historical evolution of all humankind."